Celestial hemisphere:  Southern  ·  Constellation: Canis Major (CMa)  ·  Contains:  IC 468  ·  NGC 2359  ·  Sh2-298
NGC 2359 - Thor's Helmet, lefty7283
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NGC 2359 - Thor's Helmet

NGC 2359 - Thor's Helmet, lefty7283
Powered byPixInsight

NGC 2359 - Thor's Helmet

Equipment

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Acquisition details

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Description

This is probably my new favorite image I've shot. Even though it's not one of my longest exposures, I absolutely love how the colors turned out on this, especially for a bicolor image. I particularly like the region of the top 'feather' of the helmet. It reminds me a lot of SHO Hubble Palette images. This nebula is also super strong in oxygen-iii, which I think helped contribute to the look (most nebulae have significantly weaker oxygen signal). I also made a [starless version using StarNet++](https://i.imgur.com/QfxNQXn.jpg) for the hell of it. Captured on January 8th and 21st, and February 2nd, 2020 from a bortle 6 zone.

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**[Equipment:](https://i.imgur.com/BYyK1wu.jpg)**

* TPO 6" F/4 Imaging Newtonian

* Orion Sirius EQ-G

* ZWO ASI1600MM-Pro

* Skywatcher Quattro Coma Corrector

* ZWO EFW 8x1.25"/31mm

* Astronomik LRGB+CLS Filters- 31mm

* Astrodon 31mm Ha 5nm, Oiii 3nm

* Agena 50mm Deluxe Straight-Through Guide Scope

* ZWO ASI-120MC for guiding

* Moonlite Autofocuser

**Acquisition:** 8 hours 0 minutes (Camera at Unity Gain, -20°C,)

* Ha- 49x360"

* Oiii- 31x360"

* Darks- 30

* Flats- 30 per filter

**Capture Software:**

* EQMod mount control. Captured using [N.I.N.A.](https://nighttime-imaging.eu/) and PHD2 for guiding and dithering.

**[PixInsight Processing](https://i.imgur.com/2NWXNSM.png):**

* BatchPreProcessing

* StarAlignment

* [Blink](https://youtu.be/sJeuWZNWImE?t=40)

* ImageIntegration

* DrizzleIntrgration (2X, VarK 1.5)

* Super-Luminance stack created by stacking both Ha AND Oiii frames into a single image

**Ha/Oiii Stacks:**

* DynamicCrop

* DynamicBackgroundExtraction 2X

* STF stretch Applied via HistogramTransformation

* PixelMath to combine into single **bicolor image** (formula courtesy of /u/dreamsplease

> R=iif(Ha > .15, Ha, (Ha\*.8)+(Oiii*.2))

> G=iif(Ha > 0.5, 1-(1-Oiii)*(1-(Ha-0.5)), Oiii *(Ha+0.5))

> B=iif(Oiii > .1, Oiii, (Ha\*.3)+(Oiii*.2))

**Super-Luminance Stack:**

* DynamicCrop

* DynamicBackgroundExtraction 2X

* AutomaticBackgroundExtraction

* Deconvolution (only went with a mild decon; didn't want to oversharpen too much)

* TGV/MMT noise reduction

* ArcsinhStretch

* HistogramTransformation

**Bicolor Image:**

* Invert, SCNR, Invert, SCNR (to remove magenta and some green color casts)

* [Curves](https://i.imgur.com/cCPsYrW.jpg)Transformation (lightness, hue saturation)

* AutomaticBackgroundExtraction

* CurvesTransformation (reduce greens)

* LRGBCombination with stretched Super-Luminance frame (with chrominance noise reduction)

* ACDNR (adaptive contrast driven noise reduction)

* Several CurveTransformations (for saturation and lightness, lightness masks used)

* LocalHistogramEqualization

* MLT noise reduction

* More CurveTransformations

* SCNR (remove oversaturated green from brighter parts of the nebula)

* LocalHistogramEqualization (more subtle this time)

* More CurveTransformations (for final lightness and color tweaking, with RangeMasks)

* ADVStarMask + MorphologicalTransformation (reduce star sizes)

* Resample to 90%

* Crop to 5760x4320 (from 8164x6119)

* Annotation

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